Food Addictives Essay

This food additives essay is basically an advantages and disadvantages essay. You need to be careful with the word ‘outweigh’ as this often confuses students. The word ‘outweigh’ can be placed in different ways in the sentence so rather than work it out, it is better to think of it simply as ‘are there more advantages or disadvantages Decide what you think there are more of and then state this in the thesis statement without mentioning the word ‘outweigh’. For example, look at the thesis statement from the food additives essay model answer: In my opinion, the potential dangers from this are greater than the benefits we receive. ‘Outweigh’ questions do suggest, though, that there are definitely both advantages AND disadvantages, so you should discuss both. However, make sure your essay supports your opinion. For example, if you have said there are more disadvantages, it would not make sense to then write mostly about advantages . As you can see from the model answer, advantages are discussed, but the focus is on the disadvantages as this is what it is stated are greater in the thesis statement. Model Essay 15 – Food Additives Essay You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Present a written argument to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic. Do the dangers derived from the use of chemicals in food production and preservation outweigh the advantages? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. You should write at least 250 words. www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free online IELTS Advice www.ieltsbuddy.com – Free online IELTS Advice Food Additives Essay Model Answer Most foods that are purchased these days in small stores and supermarkets have chemicals in them as these are used to improve production and ensure the food lasts for longer. However, there are concerns that these have harmful effects. In my opinion, the potential dangers from this are greater than the benefits we receive. There are several reasons why chemicals are placed in food. Firstly, it is to improve the product to the eye, and this is achieved via the use of colourings which encourage people to purchase food that may otherwise not look tempting to eat. Another reason is to preserve the food. Much of the food we eat would not actually last that long if it were not for chemicals they contain, so again this is an advantage to the companies that sell food as their products have a longer shelf life. From this evidence, it is clear to me that the main benefits are, therefore, to the companies and not to the customer. Although companies claim these food additives are safe and they have research to support this, the research is quite possibly biased as it comes from their own companies or people with connections to these companies. It is common to read reports these days in the press about possible links to various health issues such as cancer. Food additives have also been linked to problems such as hyperactivity in children. To conclude, despite the fact that there are benefits to placing chemicals in food, I believe that these principally help the companies but could be a danger to the public. It is unlikely that this practice can be stopped, so food must be clearly labeled a nd it is my hope that organic products will become more readily available at reasonable prices to all.

ICT in Organisations Essay

Introduction In the Graduate School of Education they use many different types of computers for many different things. Some staff will use their computers for typing long documents or letters; others may use them for creating PowerPoint presentations for lectures. In most organisations people will use their computers for similar things, but this isn’t the case in a university. Server Hardware There are a number of servers, and these all do different jobs. Each server is allocated a name, and this is unique over the whole campus. Most of the main file servers are held within the computer centre. This allows them to rectify any problems that may arise if a server fails. All of the main servers work on dual hardware, and are hot swappable. This means that if one processor fails, or if one Random Access Memory slot fails, they are able to replace it, without any down time. The only time the server would go down would be in the case of a Power Supply Unit failing, and this can be fixed in a matter of minutes. In the computer centre all the computers are connected to a UPS and surge protection, in the form of sockets around the centre. The surge protection will stop computer components being damaged due to a spike on the national grid, and the UPS will take over if there is a power cut. The UPS can provide power to the servers in the computer centre for a considerable amount of time. The smaller servers all have a small UPS, and these are configured to shut the server down if the power is off for any longer than 10 minutes. This means that all unsaved files are saved to the hard disk. In the Graduate School of Education there are 4 small servers, and these all do different jobs. There are 2 domain controllers. The primary one is called Charlie and the backup is called Bravo. There are also 2 Macintosh database servers. One is a Mac G3 and the other is a PowerMac. In the main computer centre there are too many servers to mention here, and they are not all related to the Graduate School of Education. The ones they would use are the Student record server and the Library server. Both of these servers run on a telnet server (on port 23), and this allows secure access to them from inside the campus. Domain Controllers All departments in the university have their own domain controllers. Domain controllers are usually rented or let to people by domain name hosting companies. This sometimes has an advantage, if anything goes wrong, their technical support staff will rectify the problem, but in a university there are plenty of qualified people that can work with domain controllers. Because all the domain controllers are kept on campus, if JANET was to go down for some reason, for example, the cable was dug up; all the university domains would still work. So, a clumsy fore person does not check that the area they will be digging in is clear of cables, and they begin work. They hit the fibre optic cable and the university’s Internet connection goes down. They will still be able to go to any of the university domains, for example, http://www.edu.qub.ac.uk or http://www.qub.ac.uk. The university network is fairly self reliant in this way. A domain controller does not have to be a very fast or powerful machine, but it is usually just a normal server. Here is a rough idea of the hardware and price used in the domain controller: Hardware Name Cost Full Description File Server Case à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½125.00 Top of Form Lian Li PC 71 Aluminium Full-TowerBottom of Form Power Supply (High Power Output) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½83.90 Top of Form Antec TruePower 550W PSUBottom of Form Motherboard à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½36.50 Top of Form Asus P4S533-MX (Socket 478) Micro ATX MotherboardBottom of Form UPS à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½314.75 Top of Form APC Smart-UPS 1500 USB/RS-232Bottom of Form RAM 512MB à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½74.00 Top of Form Crucial 512MB DDR PC2700 CAS 2.5Bottom of Form 2 Case Fans à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12.00 Top of Form Delta 60mm FanBottom of Form CPU Heat Sink and Fan à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½24.50 Top of Form Salman CNPS7000-AlCu Ultra Quiet CPU CoolerBottom of Form 40GB High Speed Hard Disk à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½36.00 Top of Form IBM/Hitachi Deskstar 7K250 40GBBottom of Form Ultrium Backup System à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,416.79 Hewlett Packard StorageWorks Ultrium 460i Pentium 4 Processor à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½625.00 Top of Form Intel Pentium 4 3.2GHz (800FSB) with HT Technology Extreme EditionBottom of Form Heat Sink Compound (High Quality) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3.90 Top of Form Arctic Silver III Thermal Compound (3g)Bottom of Form Total à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½4,752.34 Graphics card, monitor and other peripherals can be salvaged from older machines As you can see from the about table, even the simplest server can cost a lot of money, the most expensive part of the server is the Uninterruptible Power Supply, but this would not need to be purchased every time a new server is bought. Database Servers The database servers hold information on different things in the department. The graduate school of education use them for holding information on students and staff, like addresses and telephone numbers. It is much more effective than using paper to hold data. The database servers are Macintosh. They are often seen as expensive, useless machines, but the Macintosh computers are much more powerful than a conventional PC, and their main drawback is that it is difficult to obtain software for them, and no pc software is compatible with them. Networking The university network is quite a big system, and could probably be described as a Wide Area Network, because of its size, although it is really just a very large Local Area Network. Here is a small network diagram showing how the Queens’ Network works. Hopefully from this very simple diagram you can see how big the university really is, and how much it costs for electricity alone every year. Between all the universities in the United Kingdom there is a shared Internet connection. This is a fibre optic system. There is a slight difference between using a fibre and using copper cables. One small fibre can carry up to 1,900 phone calls. This is quite a big difference compared to 30 over one copper cable. This means that the computer users in the University will have very fast Internet access, and between other universities, it can be possible to download a full CD’s worth of data (700MB) in around 10 seconds, and that isn’t with just one user using the network at that time. The speed of JANET is quite hard to measure with complete accuracy, and it is changing in speed every day. Between departments there are also fibre optic cables, as this allows more data to be transferred. Once you get into a department the fibre is brought into a hub, and from the hub to each computer you have a copper cable. This is maybe not the most efficient way, but it is much cheaper than having a fibre optic system the whole way around the department. Looking at the diagram above you will see that the Graduate School of Education is a small part of the university network. Here is a slightly more detailed diagram of the network in this particular section: The network is too large to show in much more detail than shown above. There are roughly 150 computers in this one department alone, and across campus there is anything between 2000-6000 computers connected to the network. They are all connected centrally at the main Queens’ hub, so from anywhere on campus you can find a route to anywhere else. Also, if for some reason the main hub failed, departments would still be able to send files to each other, as long as it did not need to leave the department. Workstations and Software Because the department is large, it may be difficult to find two computers that are the same in hardware specification. Generally they are all normal, domestic computers, although the computer lab has desktop cases instead of ATX, This does not really affect how they work. Data can be shared between all the computers using the public directories, although only staffs have access to these. All computers are connected to the network using 3Com network cards, running on 10 Mega bits / second. This is the only real speed limitation of the network. All workstations have the Microsoft Office Suite which is part of the Microsoft Office Campus Agreement, and FrontPage and Publisher have a separate license for certain departments, as these are not part of the campus agreement as a whole. They also have a copy of Symantec Antivirus, which is updated through the Symantec server, and this provides up to date virus protection. Staff have access to Adobe PageMaker 6.5 and Macromedia Dreamweaver. Software Specification Here is a more detailed look at the different software that the School of Education use. * Microsoft Word – This has many uses. Some staff may use it to type letters and notices; some may use it for typing assignments or taking minutes from a meeting; students may use it for its desktop publishing ability or for typing up coursework/essays. * Microsoft Excel – This is Microsoft’s spreadsheet software and is used in many ways also. Some staff may use it to keep track of students’ progress; some may use it to keep track of outgoing and incoming money; students may use it to create graphs. * Microsoft PowerPoint – This can be used for many things as well. Some lecturers would use it for creating transparencies for lectures, but in this high-tech age it would be more likely for them to use it in conjunction with a digital projector. There are a number of these available to staff during the day. Students could sometimes use it for revision purposes, or for slide shows in class participation exercises. * Microsoft Publisher – This is used for desktop publishing and creating transparencies for lectures. * Microsoft FrontPage – This is Microsoft’s web design software. It is often used by many professional designers, but does not really have a use in the education department. * Microsoft Access – This is Microsoft’s database package, and it is very versatile. It can be used to create macros so that on a click of a button you can enter large amounts of data into a database or delete old records. The macros are easy to program using Microsoft Visual BASIC. * Macromedia Dreamweaver – This is professional web design software used by many top end professionals. It has the capability to write many different programming languages used on web servers. Examples of these are JavaScript and PHP. It also has very good Cascading Style Sheet and Hyper Text Mark-up Language capabilities. * Adobe PageMaker – This is professional desktop publishing software. Many members of staff use it to create professional looking signs and posters, and is often similar to the software used by large businesses to create flyers. Many larger businesses may have their own database software written for them. Many companies like Northbrook Technologies write these programs especially for them. It can cost thousands to get that kind of software written. They often use many different programming languages, usually C++, which is very advanced and can take years to learn. As the university does not have many departments that do exactly the same thing, database software designed just for the university would cost too much, and probably push student fees up quite a considerable amount. Often Microsoft Access is more than enough to fulfil the needs of the departments requiring databases. Other Hardware There are many different hardware devices in the university. The most expensive would probably be the digital cameras and projectors, and these may take some time to replace if they are damaged. The cheaper devices like mice, keyboards and disk drives are easily replaced, and there are many spares in the university. There are many different types of printers available, usually mono colour laser printers and colour ink jets, but there are some colour laser printers available. Printer cartridges are replaced when needed, and are purchased with discount, as they are in very large numbers. Scanners are available in computer rooms for student use.

The Legacy of the Canadian Residential School System

We all have an identity in this world. When we were born as human beings, we were all given an identity based on our gender, ethnicity, and the society we were born in. This identity is further strengthened by our experience throughout the journey to adulthood, creating a bond and belongingness to one’s own culture. When a language is eventually learned during childhood, it becomes one of the major factors in determining our identity. Cultural customs are also integrated into our minds as we grow up.As we approach adulthood, our basic cultural identity is shaped; we maintain our cultural identity as we enter the local society, as it is the label that sticks with us for the rest of our lives. Along the way, we have the freedom to choose which of the religions to believe in, but our choices will most likely be affected by our identities as well. The First Nations people in Canada are suffering from a loss of language, religion, and identity due to the horrible past they had suff ered in the past century.In the 1880s, the residential school system was established by the government of Canada (Miller 2011). From then on, First Nations children were forced to attend these Catholic schools instituted based on European standards and regulations. Injustice went on for almost another century, in which many First Nation cultures were diminished and obliterated. Steven Harper may have apologized to the First Nations for the rest of the Canadians, but the damage is already done (Dorrell 2009). The Residential School System extinguished the hopes of Canadian First Nations in maintaining their own cultures.In this article we will use St. Mary’s, a residential school located in Mission, BC, as a case study to investigate the severity of the impact the RSS had on First Nations cultures. Language is the mean of communication of a society and a significant factor in cultural and social development. It is also the distinct identifier of a specific culture. By analyzin g the complex systems of the languages of different cultures, sociolinguists can relate the languages’ properties to aspects of the culture.Language is also tightly intertwined with the culture of a civilization: the Chinese and Japanese consider calligraphy—the act of writing in an unique but artistic way with ink brushes—a major art along with music, painting, and the chess game of Go; the Medieval Romans were inefficient and limited in their mathematics due to their numeral system until the Arabic system was introduced. In short, languages can be considered as the backbone of a culture. It is also the backbone that the First Nations began to lose as soon as the Residential School System was initiated.In residential schools, any languages other than English were forbidden; the violators of this rule were severely punished. In Terry Glavin’s Amongst God’s Own, one of his interviewee Meredith Hourie (2002: 61) commented that the nuns at St. Maryâ⠂¬â„¢s referred to the native tongues as â€Å"devil’s language†; in their eyes, speaking another language in a Catholic residential school is blasphemous. Benjamin Paul Millar (Glavin 2002: 66) felt that he was beginning to improve in his native language until he was discouraged by slaps in the face and on the backside for breaking the rules; now he could only recall a few words of his native tongue.Genevieve Douglas (Glavin 2002: 62) admitted that she cannot understand her own native language due to the policies at St. Mary’s; students were not allowed to answer to questions unless they can fully interpret what was asked and know how to respond in English, hence the students had to focus their limit in language acquisition on English. Children who were new to the residential schools (such as St. Mary’s) were not familiar with these rules. They felt alienated and were desperate to fit in.As a result, these new First Nations students had to resocializeâ⠂¬â€or â€Å"Westernize†Ã¢â‚¬â€themselves in order to survive. While these cases might seem trivial at first glance, consider this: there were 80 residential schools scattered across Canada at its peak, with over 11000 students being taught (Kirmayer, Simpson, and Cargo 2003). The magnitude is immense, and numerous dialects of the native tongues were lost. It is also worth noting that the majority of students who enrolled in St. Mary’s had Western first names and last names instead of native ones.Under these circumstances, a child would feel even more out of place when comparing one’s own name to the elders’ more native names. They might believe that they were not welcomed in their society and opt to blend into the Western society instead. For instance, a Scotland-born Chinese child would likely to grow up to be more attached to the Scottish culture if his last name was chosen by his parents to be McGregor instead of Lee. Traditions are also identifiers for the cultures they belong to. Each culture has their unique customs, beliefs, and mythologies.For example, the Gods with the most power in terms of mythologies are mostly male due to the fact that almost all cultures are male-dominant. In ancient Greek mythology, Zeus was regarded as the ruler of Mount Olympus and said to be the â€Å"Father of Gods and Men† by Hesiod, reflecting the differences in the status of genders in ancient Greece. In Chinese mythology the Gods were told and categorized as emperors, royal families, and government officials, ultimately referring to the hereditary monarchy political system that the dynasties of China followed for millennia.While First Nations traditions may not be as well known as the bigger cultures in other parts of the world, they have their unique and intriguing perspective in the world they live in. Their view on how all things ranging from animals to inanimate objects have spirit and soul is echoed by Plato’s world-soul idea. However, their inspirations cannot be further explored in the future since these First Nations beliefs are facing extinction. These traditional practices such as Shamanisms were discouraged, as they were viewed as witchcraft in the eyes of Catholicism.Due to the nature of residential schools, children could hardly see their family during their time as a student. Wayne Florence (Glavin 2002: 68) was severely injured by one of the nuns at St. Mary’s, and even then he could not gain the privilege to meet with his family, or even talk to them through the phone for that matter. This separation leads to the inability to learn of and be familiar to their customs. Not only were the children prohibited from learning of their own cultural religion and heritage, they were led and forced to believe that there is only one â€Å"correct† religion—Roman Catholicism.According to Catholic rules, all other religions are false and are blasphemous. First Nations students lear ned that they were not born with freedom, but with sins to be cleansed of; this idea induced fear in them and contempt in their traditions. Aside from a loss of culture, it was estimated by scholars that as many as half of the children died during their involvement in the residential schools, either from abuse or committing suicide (Robertson 2003). We are living in the generation of globalization. In Canada, it is not uncommon for one to have multiple cultural backgrounds.We can notice numerous people of Chinese descent who do not know a single word of Mandarin nor Cantonese; Scandinavians who do not feel the urge to assimilate into another culture’s customs, and even Indian-Canadian comedians who became successful amongst the public by showing observational humor with regards to racial dissimilarities. These people of the general public—whose voices can be heard through the media—are of a majority; whether they are currently living in their affiliated society they were born in or have their homes on the other side of the globe, they feel that they are a member of their culture.No matter which part of the world it is, dates with cultural significance like Christmas, the Lunar New Year, and the Ramadan are celebrated and practiced annually. The same cannot apply to the First Nations in Canada after the residential school system tragedies. Imagine that no one can understand your first language and cultural customs—while communication with others will still be possible through other means like secondary and body language, you can hardly feel the familiarity and ease in comparison to talking freely in your own first language. If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?If you know a language but no one else can comprehend it, does it still exist? If no one in the world other than you knew the family gathering tradition on Thanksgiving, would this day still mean anything at all? While these question s may seem hypothetical to us, the First Nations in Canada are facing these issues today. Writings and symbolic arts in dying tribes may never see their original meaning comprehendible ever again. Canada may consider First Nation reserves and universities as national treasures, but the fact is that cultural maintenance in these smaller tribes is not encouraged and our treasure is continuously decreasing in depth.All cultures in the world are established by the contributions of their people over time; they are the condensation of knowledge, customs, heritage, and language. Each culture is unique in its own way, and should be preserved with the most effort. However, not only did settlers and colonizers took over the First Nations’ lands by force, they also nearly wiped out their culture with a weapon in the form of the Residential School System. These residential schools, such as St.Mary’s, denied the students of their chance to inherit their respective culture, and even took away some of their lives as a byproduct in resocialization. As a result, First Nations languages and traditions were lost; some First Nation survivor might even be the last remaining member of his or her tribe. These are losses that we simply cannot put ourselves into their perspective. I sincerely hope that the government of Canada will not only compensate, but also try their best to maintain the enduring First Nations cultures someday; an apology is simply not enough.

Human resource Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human resource - Essay Example He is an authority on the matters of career development programmes. The other researcher namely Veerle Brenninkmeijer is the assistant professor at Utrecht University. She works in the department of social and Organizational Psychology. She has worked on the aspects of social comparison and burnout of employees. Wilmar B. Schaufeli is also the full professor of work and organizational psychology at the Utrecht University. The university is located in Netherlands. Mr. Schaufeli is also the visiting professor at the Loughborough Business School in the United Kingdom. He also works as a part time organization consultant. Roland W. B. Blonk got his education in the subject of Clinical Philosophy in the University of Amsterdam. Mr. Blonk has a doctorate on the treatment of outcome studies. He also holds a special chair at the Utrecht University on two different research papers. The article has been published as an online article in the 2014 Under Human resource management in Wiley periodi cals incorporated. Thus the article can be said to be a recent article in this field (Akkermans, Brenninkmeijer, Schaufeli, and Blonk, 2014). The article is based on the investigation into the effectiveness of careerSkills program which is a career development innovation that is based on the career competencies and Jobs methodology. The aim of the new program that has been developed is to stimulate career self-management and well being of the new employees in an organization. The researchers tasted the effectives of the program by testing the program on a homogeneous group of people. The career development of the individuals was studied by the researchers and the effectiveness of the career development programs specially the program that was tested by the researchers. The article that is given here shows the result of the research by the researchers in the field. The article in the online source is given with the analysis of the research in the field on the training and

Financial Management in Nonprofit Organizations Essay - 2

Financial Management in Nonprofit Organizations - Essay Example Several performance measure indicators are also discussed and they have a deep co-relation with how the initial funds are generated. Performance indicators of both the types differ slightly but this is the only aspect in which most general finance principles can be applied to both. Finally, we looked at how corporate governance is ensured for nonprofits yet they lack in strong monitoring as the real focus of government, agencies and creditors is on how for – profits are performing. Financial Management in Nonprofit Organizations Financial Management for nonprofit organizations has many similarities with the financial management practices being adopted by profit organizations yet it differs in some respects. Maximization of Shareholder’s wealth and return on investment are the key performance indicators for a ‘for-profit’ organization. However, as far as a not for profit organization is concerned, the key emphasis is on developing the welfare projects of the society by contributing in one form or the other. Major stakeholders of a not for profit organization are not entitled to any wealth maximization. ... This actually leads to the definition of the mission statement of a not for profit organization (Blackbaud, 2011). The disclosure and administration activities of a nonprofit organization must be scrutinized; therefore the working staff must be accountable for every incoming dollar. This is for donor’s satisfaction and for the transparency of the management processes (Cass, 2010). Fund accounting system has become even more critical considering an increasing shift in the importance of external financial reporting (McFarlane, 2012). Therefore, budgeting and cash flows management are of immense importance in a not for profit organization’s financial management setup. Liquidity and asset management is important too since commitments of servicing are to be continued over an extensive period of time. Cash Flow prediction becomes challenging due to two main factors. Primarily, operational cash flows are negative and financial cash flows are not certain. Another reason for thi s unpredictability is the fact that cash flow donors aren’t the ones who are receiving services or any other advantage on their investments. Severe management crisis can be an outcome of a demand increase in the resources of the nonprofit organization. Accounting control also becomes important since the forecasted revenue is unreliable and that’s the reason why not for profit organizations are not inclined in servicing newer clients until they have done a thorough research on that. With control comes budgeting, thus, a not for profit organization requires risk averse financial managers and tactical marketers. Sources of Funds Nonprofit organizations utilize a method known as fund accounting for maintaining books pertinent to the received resources by

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

International Marketing - Essay Example Unilever is a leading organization which has some 400 consumer product brands under its sleeves. The product brands include food, beverages, cleaning agents and personal care products. The company touches the lives of its consumers in a number of different ways. Unilever has a range of products starting from global brands like Lipton, Dove, Omo, Knorr to some trustworthy local brands like Suave and Blue Band. The organization employs around 163,000 people in 100 countries across the globe. With a turnover of â‚ ¬ 39.8 billion, Unilever products are sold in more than 170 countries with its 264 manufacturing sites spread worldwide (Hoovers, 2010). According the company site, it helps â€Å"people feel good, look good and get more out of life, meeting their everyday needs for nutrition, hygiene and personal care with brands and services that are good for them and good for others† (Unilever, 2010). Nestle Nestle is a leading global name in the food and beverage divisions. The company offers product ranges starting from instant infant food, coffee and chocolate to bottled water and promotes the same in more than 130 countries across the globe. Nestle is one of the leading companies in the total sales amount. In Coffee, the company has some top-notch brand names. The company has left its mark with leading brands like Maggi, Nestea, Nescafe, Friskies and Nestle. The company is among the leading packaged water producers and is a significant player in the pet food industry. Apart from all these, the organization holds significant amount of shares in Alcon Inc and cosmetic giant L’Oreal. Starting its journey back in the year 1866, the company is continually stepping forward to achieve a sustainable growth in the coming future (Nestle, nod.). Competitive Advantage Unilever On any given day, around two billion people use the products of Unilever. From feeding the family to keeping the household clean and fresh, the products have become significant parts of daily life. Research and Development can be seemed to be the gateway to constantly enhancement of the brands to deliver more intense and rewarding product experiences. Consumer research has played a significant role in the success story of this organization. Unilever makes continual efforts to introduce new and enhanced products to meet the changing requirements of its large consumer base. The company invests around â‚ ¬ 1 billion annually to meet the cutting edge research and development requirements. The company has five research

Discrimination and the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Discrimination and the Law - Essay Example The Race Relations Act 1968 extended the scope of the 1965 law by making it applicable to housing, employment and other matters. An improved Race Relations Act was framed in 1976 mostly in accordance with the Sex Discrimination Act of 1975. The three main types of racial discrimination which were to be made unlawful under this act were direct discrimination, indirect discrimination and victimisation. The primary objective of theRace Relations Act of 1976 was to form the legal foundation for protection from racial discrimination in the fields of employment, education, training, housing and the provision of goods, facilities and services. Under this law, 'racial discrimination' means treating a person less favourably than others on racial grounds - meaning race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origins. Although this law protects one against people's actions, it cannot change their opinions or beliefs. (Home Office, n.d.) This Act resulted in the setting up of a Commission for Racial Equality (CRE) as a statutory enforcement and implementation body to eliminate racial discrimination and to promote equal opportunities and harmonious race relations between people of difference races. The CRE has the power to undertake formal investigations into discrimination charges and to represent victims of discrimination. The Crime and Disorder Act of 199... The Public Order Act,1986 On 9 June 2005, the Government published the Racial and Religious Hatred Bill which makes incitement to religious and racial hatred an offense under the The Public Order Act of 1986. Thereby, this Act makes it illegal to incite racial hatred, whether through words or action, such as distributing racist leaflets. Penalties are severe for anyone convicted of a racially motivated crime. (BBC, 2003) The race relation and racial hatred legislations have always protected Sikhs and Jews as the Courts have identified them as 'ethnic groups' according to their interpretation of the Act. Muslims, however, are not protected as they are not considered to be an ethnic group under the law. Since hate crimes against Muslims have increased during the post 9/11 period and as Muslims are not considered to be an ethnic group, it poses a serious problem. The Racial and Religious Hatred Bill tries to amend this situation The Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations, 2003 The Employment Equality regulations makes it unlawful for an employer to discriminate, harrass or victimise an employee on the basis of any religion, religious belief, or similar philosophical belief. Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 The Race Relations (Amendment) Act provides new powers to tackle racism in public authorities by eliminating unlawful discrimination and promoting equality of opportunity. This Act makes it statutory for public authorities like all government and local government services including the Police to promote race equality. Public authorities should ensure that racial equality considerations are part of everything they do. This Act gives the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE)

Profit and Loss Account Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Profit and Loss Account - Coursework Example The indirect costs (those that cannot be directly attributed to generating revenue) are then deducted from the gross profit to give a net income figure. A single profit and loss account provides information about how much it costs to generate sales, and how much room for manoeuvre the business has before an increase in the costs of generating those sales causes the business to become unviable (e.g. raw materials may increase to a point where it is no longer financially viable to make a particular product). This can be shown by considering the gross profit as a percentage of the sales revenue. The same can be applied to the indirect expenses of the business. Monitoring these costs can indicate when a particular supplier is becoming too expensive, and the business should look for another supplier who offers better value for money. The net profit figure, as a percentage of the sales revenue indicates the total effect of all costs relating to the business and whether the business continu es to be viable and generates profits for the owner (in this case Peter).Peter’s profit and loss account indicates that he rents property rather than owning his own factory or workshop. The depreciation figure is not broken down, which means that the type of assets that are subject to depreciation cannot be seen, although the motor expenses indicate that the business probably owns some form of motor vehicle.

Project Management Scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project Management Scenario - Essay Example These reports are a type of written communication those can be utilized in order to assess the project status and analysis of the activities and tasks those were not completed according to scheduled time. In addition, Janet can also use the oral communication technique. In this scenario, she can use the facilities of live meetings or remote phone calls. In this scenario she can make use of internet VoIP technology for her target stakeholders, mission, project completion plan and strategy, as well as other relevant information distribution and acquiring (Smith). In order to manage SEITZ Corporation project, Janet can use a conflict management strategy to solve conflicts between Clark, Downs and Pokorski. In this scenario the main and fundamental issue that I have assessed is the about the political issues. In scenario of this project a lot of groups are involved, thus there is the possibility of power game and vested interests; those can come in the way of dialogue. In such types of t he political conflicts, overall project working and operations can be disturbed. Here another issue is about the differences in expectations. In this scenario, Janet needs to make sure that everybody associated with the project has a frequent set of prospect in terms of what is to be delivered. However, to achieve this outcome, project synchronization among all team members is really essential.

Role of the Entrepreneur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of the Entrepreneur - Essay Example Managing the business is the next step the business must take and the entrepreneur must ascertain that the incomes the business makes are higher than the expenses incurred while conducting the business. Understanding the drivers in the industry is important in as it makes the entrepreneur innovative which is a chief success attribute of an entrepreneur (Kingsland, 2007). Making the right decisions is paramount for the entrepreneur and he must ensure that resources are directed towards the right channels to ascertain there is no squander of resources, which would lead to losses. The actions of a firm earning profits add the value of resources as the firm is able to procure more resources into the business and operate at economies of scale. When a firm earns profits, the entrepreneur will be able to expand operations because they will have more money to spend to purchase more resources from the profits the organization makes. The organization will also be able to venture more into technology and move with the trends in the market so as to compete favorably with other business because they have enough revenues and this helps the organization to venture into new markets or improve their business operations. When losses are present, the value of resources diminishes, and this is because the business does not have adequate revenue to continue with its operations. Losses will eat into the capital of the business and some resources will be lost because the organization cannot put up with the high operational costs. When losses are present, operational costs will be high and this means that resources of the business will not be put into full potential hence the value of the resources will diminish. Some businesses are even forced to let go of some of the resources so as to maintain operational costs and this means that the value of the resources is diminished. It is not bad if a company making losses goes out of business, and this is because the central

CURRENT ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

CURRENT ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT - Essay Example that organizational crisis can be averted or at least minimized through managerial strategies that are visionary in their perspectives (Simola, 2003; Cheney & Christenson, 2000; Pearson, & Clair, 1998; Seeger, Sellnow, & Ulmer, 1997). It is important that strategic planning involves more proactive and innovative measures to meet the exigencies of competitive business. Scholars have asserted that irrational decisions in business are often motivated by false judgment, escalated commitment to previous course of actions where managerial leadership may be driven by financial investment, time and belief that something better would emerge (Bazerman and Moore 2008; Staw & Fox, 1977). The various social researches have revealed that organizations are willing to take risks and make decisions to avoid losses rather than with the desire to make profit. (Hallahan, 1999; Beach, 1997; Bailey & Alexander, 1993; Pease, Bieser & Tubbs, 1993; Frisch, 1993; McDaniel & Sistrunk, 1991; Devine, 1990; Fagley & Miller, 1987; Bazerman, 1984). Shapiro, Slywotzky and Tedlow (2000) believe that key factor that sustain the performance of the organizations through thick and thin are their strong leadership. Nutt (1990) believes that flexibility of approach and initiative in decision making is vital part of leadership as ‘strategic choices are influenced by the manager’s decision style’. Hence, the leaders who are able to make tough decisions and implement changes are able to revitalize the business. In competitive business environment, exemplary leadership effectively links the data, information and knowledge within the organizational goals to overcome hard times and gain competitive advantage. The organization must incorporate more aggressive but people friendly management strategies that encourage trust building amongst the work force for improved organizational results. The paper would analyze the various elements of change management and the role of strategic thinking and planning

Movie Review of Secret (2007 Taiwanese Film) Essay Example for Free

Movie Review of Secret (2007 Taiwanese Film) Essay Casts: * Jay Chou as Ye Xianglun A music student majoring in piano and lives with his father * Kwai Lun-mei as Lu Xiaoyu A music student who lives with her mother * Anthony Wong Chau-sang as Xianglun’s father Xiangluns father and the discipline teacher at his school * Alice Tzeng as Qing Yi Xiangluns classmate who is in love with him * Yuhao Zhan as Yu Hao A music student and talented piano player, nicknamed Prince of the piano, he had a piano battle with Xianglun Secret is an amazing movie to look at and to listen to. The film tells a simple but very beautiful love story which is tied between past and present. The story, the music, the talent you’ll really be amazed and be in love with it when you see it yourself. You can’t imagine that it would be magical. It’s a unique story, unpredictable and interesting. Whats more interesting is there is more to it than what meets the eye. Careful attention must be paid to all scenes, or else the story wont click and the end wont be as good. Heres the spoil. Ye Xianglun is a budding musical genius whose way with piano keys makes him a hit with the ladies, and even the guys, who recognize talent when they see it. Ye arrives at Tanjiang Art School and already hes being watched, but his eyes and heart are immediately stolen by Lu Xiaoyu, an elegant, charming flirt who first happens upon Ye in the schools aged piano room. The two begin a cute, casual romance thats defined by secrets. Basically, Lu keeps them, starting with her name, then extending them to other things like where she goes, what she does, and why shes always absent from class. Since shes so effervescent and attractive, Ye is immediately smitten. Ye has a secret too, but Ill give it away: his dad is a teacher at the school, and hes played by Anthony Wong in an amusing performance thats vintage Wong. Ye also has some friends at school who arent as amusing, and even qualify as annoying and bothersome. Some of these characters are played by Chous Taiwanese pop music pals. Since this is a Jay Chou (Ye Xianglun) production (besides starring and directing, he penned the original story and contributed the music), its only understandable that Chou make room for some of his buddies  as well as his pet obsessions, especially music. Ye becomes the class celebrity when he kicks ass in a piano battle, which is as entertaining as it is patently manufactured. Basically, Ye outfoxes his opponent on the ivory keys , winning the hearts of the girls and the guys, while still remaining cool and sheepish in that inimitable Ye Xianglun way. Chief among his admirers is the pretty Qing Yi, who starts to crush on Ye big time. But Ye only has eyes for Lu. Or does he? Despite getting along swimmingly with Ye, Lu soon gets the idea that Ye is two-timing her with Qing. This is due to your standard crossed wires and mistaken circumstances, but the misinterpreted event is enough to throw a massive crush-killing wrench into their puppy love. That would probably be a terrible thing to behold if not for the fact that the relationship up until then was hardly inspiring. Ye Xianglun and Lu Xiaoyu have decent chemistry, but the relationship between their characters never seems that deep. Theres a manufactured quality to the dialogue that makes their supposed love a bit unconvincing, and without more acute emotions the film begins to drag. Sadly, part of this is the fault of Ye Xianglun, the actor. Ye possesses a certain likable charm, but his presence hardly screams passion. His demeanor is just too remote; Ye tries hard, but he cant convey a complete range of emotions. Shoring things up, however, is Lu Xiaoyu. When she initially appears, she acts too much like an idealized good girl flirt to be real; its like shes some manufactured idea of what perfect high school romance should be. However, as it turns out, theres a reason for her bizarre flirtatious behavior, and as the film divulges more of the how’s and why’s, Lu is given a chance to convey emotions that prove heartbreaking. Her screen presence is refreshing and her emotion’s genuinely moving; if Secret manages to affect, Lu Xiaoyu is a large reason why. The revelation of the films eponymous secret is what gives Lu the chance to really affect the audience and yet its also when the movie starts to lose its credibility. The mechanism behind the films secret is never known, but the logic of how it works is explained explicitly, such that every incident and action in the film needs to fit a set of rules explained by the characters and depicted by the events themselves. But the film ultimately doesnt adhere to its conv ictions, eventually twisting events to fit desired emotions and skirting around the rules that theyve laid out for us. The film gives us a denouement, but its  only touching because it fits some sort of predetermined audience expectation, and not because it surprises or really affects. Some people may be happy with how Secret ends. But does the film earn its ending? I dont think that it does. At least Secret is a very pretty ride. On artifice alone, the film is aces, serving up beautiful art direction, cinematography and music. Ye Xianglun (Jay Chou) really knows how to compose a tune; the films original music is genuinely stirring, and preexisting pieces are well-chosen and evocative of the films innocent romantic mood. Secret serves the senses exceptionally well so much so, that its almost tragic when it ultimately throws logic out the window. Ye Xianglun and company have created a nice little valentine, but their desire to give the film more weight eventually leaves it adrift. The film barrels towards its intended goal with little regard for common sense, leaving the audience with nothing besides the pretty pictures and people to shore it up. Amazingly, that gambit is more successful than not, and Lu Xiaoyu (Kwai Lun-mei) practically drags the film across the finish line herself. Without her the film would probably sink beneath its own self-importance, as its manufactured sheen and occasionally miscalculated choices render the film little more than a superficially gorgeous pure love diversion for teen girls and the boys they drag to the cinema along with them. Thatll probably do just fine for most, since manufactured diversion seems to be a standard expectation for many modern moviegoers. Secret will probably score well with its intended teen audience, especially if they take in the film as a single, one-off experience. Further viewings would only reveal the films holes to be gaping and perhaps intolerable, but upon first glance, Secret is pretty and polished enough to charm. You should watch it too!

History Of The Competence Versus Performance English Language Essay

History Of The Competence Versus Performance English Language Essay The term was invented by the linguist Dell Hymes in 1966, showing that he dislikes the idea of Noam Chomskys (1965) about using the distinction between competence and performance. To follow Chomskys abstract opinion of competence, Hymes agreed to be responsible for ethnographic exploration of communicative competence that included communicative form and function in integral relation to each other (Leung, 2005). Hymes, who pioneered the approach, now known as the ethnography of communication, it is one of the most important approaches in the oral competence. Many discussions has occurred with regard to linguistic competence and communicative competence in the second and foreign language teaching literature, and many scholars have found communicative competence as a superior model of language following Hymes opposition to Chomskys linguistic competence. This opposition has been adopted by those who seek new directions toward a communicative era by taking for granted the basic motives and the appropriateness of this opposition behind the development of communicative competence. Use in education The study proposes the use of a competency-based approach and presents a detailed process for developing such a course step-by-step, with a focus on students with the needed competencies in English oral communication in the Language School at Uasd. Many studies have talked about the need for English oral communication and a discrepancy between the university English language curriculum and English language requirements for jobs (Phosward 1989; Silpa-Anan 1991; Boonjaipet 1992; Crosling and Ward 2002; Vasavakul 2006). Dominguez and Rokowski (2002) refer to the same issue as the abyss existing between the goals of the academic and the professional world and propose an idea of bridging the gap between English for Academic and Occupational purposes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an English oral communication course for senior English students. The course emphasizes competencies in English oral communication since English oral skills are reported as the most wanted an d needed for Communication in the classroom. The notion of communicative competence is one of the theories that underlie the communicative approach to foreign language teaching. Especially in the area of speaking, competencies in English oral communication are considered a valuable asset for senior students in the Language School. The course is thus expected to equip senior students with English oral competencies so that they will receive more opportunities when they finish the University. The word communication comes from the Latin word cmmunicare which means that something becomes common (Nilsson, 1990:7). No matter what people are going to do when they meet, whether it is to dine, play or work, they communicate by means of signals, gestures, looks, intonation and words. It is an unavoidable process. Communication includes many things such as sharing information, feelings, thoughts and influences (Nilsson, 1990:7). It is an important social process and functions as a tool for cont act, transfer of ideas, influences and development.. One of the most fascinating characteristics of humans is their ability to communicate, create social reactions and complex societies (Nilsson, 1990:9) Canale and Swain (1980) defined communicative competence in terms of three components: grammatical competence: words and rules sociolinguistic competence: appropriateness strategic competence: appropriate use of communication strategies Canale (1983) refined the above model, adding discourse competence: cohesion and coherence A more recent survey of communicative competence by Bachman (1990) divides it into the broad headings of organizational competence, which includes both grammatical and discourse (or textual) competence, and pragmatic competence, which includes both sociolinguistic and illocutionary competence. Strategic Competence is associated with the interlocutors ability in using communication strategies (Faerch Kasper, 1983; Lin, 2009). Through the influence of communicative language teaching, it has become widely accepted that communicative competence should be the goal of language education, central to good classroom practice. There are many good writers and speakers but few good listeners. Most of us filter the spoken words addressed to us so that we absorb only some of them frequently those we want to hear. Listening is an art which not many people cultivate. But it is a very necessary one, because a good listener will gather more information and achieve better rapport with the other person. And both these effects of good listening are essential to good communication. For oral communication to be effective, it should be clear, relevant, tactful in phraseology and tone, concise, and informative. This is in contrast to previous views in which grammatical competence was commonly given top priority. The understanding of communicative competence has been influenced by the field of pragmatics and the philosophy of la nguage concerning speech acts as described in large part by John Searle and J.L. Austin. Competence versus Performance Linguistic theory is concerned primarily with an ideal speaker-listener, in a completely homogeneous speech-communication, who know its (the speech communitys) language perfectly and that it is unaffected by such grammatically irrelevant conditions as memory limitations, distractions, shifts of attention and interest, and errors (random or characteristic) in applying his knowledge of this language in actual performance. Chomsky, 1965 Chomsky differentiates competence, which is an idealized capacity, from performance being the production of actual utterances. According to him, competence is the ideal speaker-hearers knowledge of his or her language and it is the mental reality which is responsible for all those aspects of language use which can be characterized as linguistic. Chomsky argues that only under an idealized situation whereby the speaker-hearer is unaffected by grammatically irrelevant conditions such as memory limitations and distractions will performance be a direct reflection of competence. A sample of natural speech consisting of numerous false starts and other deviations will not provide such data. Therefore, he claims that a fundamental distinction has to be made between the competence and performance. Chomsky dismissed criticisms of delimiting the study of performance in favor of the study of underlying competence, as unwarranted and completely misdirected. He claims that the descriptivist limitation-in-principle to classification and organization of data, the extracting patterns from a corpus of observed speech and the describing speech habits etc. are the core factors that preclude the development of a theory of actual performance.

Importance of English in Tourism Industry

Importance of English in Tourism Industry Introduction What is English, English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca. It is an official language of almost 60 sovereign states and the most commonly spoken language in sovereign states including the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and a number of Caribbean nations. It is the third-most-common native language in the world, after Mandarin and Spanish. It is widely learned as a second language and is an official language of the European Union and of the United Nations, as well as of many world organisations or group. After this is, Owing to the assimilation of the words from many other languages always from the history, modern English is consists of a very large of the vocabulary, with complex and irregular spelling, specifically of vowels. For the modern English has not only assimilation words from other European languages, but from all over the world. The Oxford English Diction ary lists more than 250,000 of not the same words, not include the many technically, scientific, and slang period. Why the teenagers in the tourism industry are unable to communicate of well in English, what is the communication. The communication is the giving or receive the information, message or the data from other person. The communication is the something we are doing in the life of the everyday. In this way, why the communication from us is very important for other people. The communication also can separate the two types of communication for the example is the verbal communication and the non-verbal communication. The good communication is very important in the tourism industry this is because it is prevent of the misconception and the error or the mistake. Main Body Next, if you is a good or well of communicator. You must speaks expressly to customer, guest and the tourism. After this is, you must listen carefully to listen what are the customer, guest and the tourism says to you. Next, check and confirm the information, message, and the data is correct or not. What is the reason about why the teenagers in tourism industry are unable to communicate are well in English. This is because, the teenagers working in tourism industry have some teenagers is come from other country or the overseas for the example is Vietnam, Brunei, Philippine, Thailand, and also have other country, because the most teenagers come from country in above cannot or don’t know how to speak and communication with the customer, and the guest. This is because every guest come from different country is using the English to communicate or ask the different kind of the question with the other person. Why English is important for us using to communicate or ask the different question from other person. Why English is important for us using every day, the reason is the English may not be the most of spoken language in the world, but it is the official language in a large number of countries and English is forecast that the number of the people in the world that use in English to communicate on a regular basis is 2 billion ! Next, if our can speak or understand the English can easily to understand the question from other person and easily to make or ask question from other and also can improve the relationship with other person. Next is the many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and produced in English. Therefore by the learning English you will have access to a great wealth of the entertainment and will be able to have a greater of theculture understanding, and the most of the content produced on the internet ( 50% ) is in English. So knowing English will allow you access to an incredible amount of information which may not be if not available ! Why the English is very importance for the Hotel Management, this is because in hotel everyday can see the different kind of the traveler or the tourist want to stated in the hotel. Sometimes a lot of the traveler or tourist is come from United Stated, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, and the Ireland. In hotel, every day can see the a lot of the people is online booking the room or the reservation. All of the online booking or the online reservation is using the English, the staff of the hotel will check or confirm have the person online booking or online reservation or not. Sometimes have some guest is use the phone to booking or reservation of the room, the guest almost is using the English to booking or reservation the room. You must know the information, message or demand from the guest want to booking or reservation the room in your hotel. Can easily to get the information, message and demand of the different kind of guest this is because our know the importance o f English in hotel management and understand the English. If our cannot understand the English our cannot get the information and massage from the guest, also our cannot give the information and message about our hotel for the customer, because cannot understand or don’t know how to speak the English to guest. English is importance for a hotel management, this is because you can easily to get the information or the message from the tourist or the traveler. Our also can easily to using the English to communicate with the communicate and can satisfy the demand, need and wants from the different kind of the customer. This is because you understand what is the people said to you so you can clearly to confirm the demand, need and the wants. In the hotel most time is using the English to communication because the English is a international or the official language in the world, sometime some guest want to using the facilities in the hotel such as the spa, the gym, swimming pool, or other facilities in a hotel. Next, the English is important for us in hotel management this is because our can easily or faster to receive or to get the information from the different kind of the guest, so can easily to give the different service to the guest on the time or fast, the customer can feel the more polite from your. Also can increase the image or the name for your hotel. Next, also can increase the profit of the hotel. Next, the English is important in hotel management is you cannot confuse the information, this is because you understand and know the demand, wants, and needs of the different kind of customer. And you can easily to request and serve to customer. CONCLUSION Conclusion, English is important for us is easily to communication with different kind of guest. This is because the English is a important language in the world and English also is a international and official language for us. If the teen staff in tourism industry or in hotel can communicate well in English, the guest will feel the staff in hotel have good polite and give the good service to different kind of guest. So, English is very important for teen staff in tourism industry or in hotel. INTRODUCTION 2 What is a English, the English is a is a language from the West Germanic language that was first spoken in early madievel England and is now a global lingua franca. It is an official language of almost 60 sovereign states and the most commonly spoken language in the sovereign states include the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and a number of Caribbean nations. Why English is very important for us to communicate with different kind of the people, service for the other person, get the message, information or the data from the other person. First, the English may not be the most spoken language in the world, but it is the official language in a large number of countries. It is estimated that the number of people in the world that use in English to communicate on a regular basis is 2 billion ! Next, English is the dominant business language and it has to become almost a necessity for people to speak English if they are to enter a global workforc e, research from all over the world shows that cross-border business communication is most often conducted in English. Its importance in the global market place therefore cannot be understated, learning English really can change your life. Third is many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and produced in English. Therefore by learning English you will have access to a great wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater culturalunderstanding. Why have some people working cannot speak and cannot understand the English from the different guest ask them. This is because, some people working in the hotel is not Malaysians all is come from other country for the example is Vietnam, Brunei, Philippine, Indonesia, and also have some country. MAIN BODY I already access the teenagers working in tourism industry and the hotel. The name of the hotel I already access is called the Vistana Hotel. The reason why the teenagers in tourism industry are unable to communicate well in English. Because some teenagers are working in tourism industry is not Malaysians, all is come from the overseas country, so them cannot unable to communicate well in English for the different kind of the guest. Have a lot of the reasons of the teenagers are working in tourism industry are unable to communicate well in English. First reason is the teenagers is dislike, this is because the English have a lot of the vocabulary and the all vocabulary is have the many different meaning, the English easily to confuse and more difficult than other language. The teenagers working in tourism industry and the hotel them feel the English difficult understand, this is because the English vocabulary have a lot of use and the meaning. Next reason of the teenagers in tourism industry and the hotel are unable to communicate well in English reason is, lazy to learning the English because them very lazy to learning or speak the English. This is because them feel the English is not important for them of the life in every day. Them is also feel the English are very difficult for them, this is because in the English have a lot of the things are not spelled as they sound, such as pterodactyl which sounds like the teradactle or tough which sounds like tuff. Third is them feel the English language is a crazy language, this is because the English is the sometimes them think all the English speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane. In what language do people recite at a play and play at a recital ? Ship by truck and send cargo by ship ? Park on driveways and drive on parkways ? Have noses that run and feet that smell ? How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites ? You have to marvel at the unique lunacy of a language in which your house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out and in which an alarm goes off by going on. Next reason is, them feel the English is easily to learn but hard to perfect because English can be hard, but not the hardest. Chinese, Japanese, and Russian with all of the characters and sounds. They seem more difficult to tackle. So, them say its somewhat hard to learn, but hard to perfect of the English. Some native speakers dont even know the major grammar/spelling rules. But can see how someone who isnt a native speak get confused between the read and read or lead and lead. The fifth reason of the teenagers in tourism industry or a hotel unable to communicate well in English language is English is the hardest language to speak Pretty much every comment on the No side makes me laugh. Some people wrote Cantonese and Chinese are the hardest languages to learn. Its Cantonese and Mandarin or them said English was easy to learn. Probably because they were born and raised around English in schools and around friends. Any Chinese person that I have met who lived in China up until certain ages have incredible difficulty speaking English and you can barely understand them. People should become more educated about different languages and cultures before they make comments. Next reason is the English is the most difficult language does mean that you know the whole English language, even though them starting learning English since they are on their mother womb, this is because them dont practice or trying to learning on them will stuck on some sentences and them will use the N word and the M on each sentences because them dont know how explain or spelling or talk the correct English. And some sentences have plus the ing, ed, and s will to become the sentences have a lot of different meaning. The next reason is the teenagers in tourism industry or a hotel, them only like, speak or learning their mother tongue. This is because them feel their mother tongue is easily to understand, speak and learning than English language. Another reason is the teenagers is anytime speak the mother tongue for the guest come from same country such as the Brunei, Vietnam, China, Philippine, India, and the Indonesia. So this reason is cause the teenagers are unable to communicate well in English. Next reason of the teenagers in tourism industry or a hotel unable communicate well in English is them cannot remember the use or the meaning the English sentences. This is because, some English sentences is more spelling can cause the teenagers easily confuse and very difficult to remember the English sentences. For the example, some guest want to reservation or booking the room. The guest will give the name, phone number, IC number, and other data, if the teenagers in hotel cannot remember and no confirm the data from guest, and give the wrong message or the information to guest will cause the loss of hotel and the guest don’t want state in hotel because the guest is using the English do the reservation the room. Why the hotel loss the profit, because the teenagers of overseas cannot understand, confuse, lazy, not confirm the information and check the spelling is correct or not, don’t know the meaning and use of English and cannot speak and communication in English. A ll of this reason is cause the teenagers in industry tourism or a hotel unable to communicate well in English to different kind of the guest come from different country. CONCLUSION Conclusion, if speak or communication are using English will be more polite of us. If cannot speak, communication or understand the English our cannot give any information or message to guest and also if our cannot understand the guest or other person said, our cannot receive the any information or the message from the guest or other person because them is using the English to communicate with you. So, English is important for teenagers in tourism industry or a hotel this is because the English is a international language in the world and in hotel every day need to serve the different kind of guest so the teenager cannot without the English in every day. REFERENCE https://www.google.com/webhp?tab=wwei=dW3TVN28L6PGmAW5-YHQDwved=0CAYQ1S4gws_rd=crfg=1#q=conclusion+why+the+english+is+important+for+the+teenagers+communicate+in+hotelspell=1 https://www.google.com/webhp?tab=wwei=dW3TVN28L6PGmAW5-YHQDwved=0CAYQ1S4gws_rd=crfg=1#q=WHY+ENGLISH+IS+IMPORTANT http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/english http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speak_Good_English_Movement https://prezi.com/r_-3ewemlqxt/the-importance-of-english-in-the-hospitality-industry/ http://bhuvangujjar.blogspot.com/2013/07/importance-of-english-language-in.html https://www.englishclub.com/english-for-work/hotel.htm http://www.englishformyjob.com/ell_hotelindustry.html http://www.familylives.org.uk/advice/teenagers/communicating-with-teenagers/the-importance-of-communicating-with-teenagers/ http://www.academia.edu/281159/A_Review_of_Personality_Research_in_the_Tourism_and_Hospitality_Context Hospitality EnglishPage 1

Art History of Central America :: essays papers

Art History of central America Chavin de Huantar was located in Peru and developed around 900 B.C. late in the Initial Period. At an elevation of 3,150 m., Chavin de Huantar was situated at the bottom of Cordillera Blanca’s eastern slopes, approximately halfway between tropical forests and coastal plains. At the intersection of major routes, Chavin de Huantar was in the position to control the routes, increase their exchange with others, and receive goods that were not natural to their area. Chavin de Huantar was an agricultural society, home to a fairly large population. The Old Temple was built during the late Initial Period and it was the â€Å"center of supernatural power and authority.† It was a U-shaped platform opening to the east with a circular courtyard in the center. The Old Temple also consisted of numerous passageways and chambers underground called galleries. These galleries were used for storage chambers, religious rites, and possibly temporary or permanent living for small groups working with temple activities. The Lanzon Gallery is located at the very center of the Old Temple. It was where the sculpture of the Lanzon was found. The Lanzon, the supreme deity of Chavin de Huantar, is anthropomorphic. With its feline head and human body, it has intertwined the feline deity of Chavin de Huantar and the shaman of the pre-Chavin period. For the pre-Chavin period, the object of worship was the feline, but this was gradually changed. By the time of Chavin de Huantar, it was anthropomorphic. During this time, it was believed that priests could become jaguars and interact with the supernatural forces. This was achieved by taking hallucinogenic drugs as part of rituals at the Old Temple. There are many sculptures that decorate the Old Temple depicting the transformation of the priests. There have been mortars, pestles, conch-shell trumpets, and many other items with anthropomorphic design found and thought to be associated with Chavin rituals. The New Temple â€Å"forms a continuum† with the Old Temple. The same belief system continues and there is evidence of the same rituals. The New Temple also has galleries and plazas. The Lanzon, although in a different stance, continues to be a symbol of mediation and harmony. The right hand of the deity holds a Strombus shell, for male forces, and the left hand holds a Spondylus shell, for the female forces. The New Temple, however, did not replace the Old Temple.

The Behavior of Cult Leaders and Members Explained by using Psychologic

This essay will examine and describe the behavior of cult leaders and cult members by using and applying psychological principles. I will specifically highlight the behavior of Jim Jones and his followers and explain what factors that caused them to believe wholeheartedly in the doctrine of Jim Jones. I will also explain what psychological tactics were used to influence his believers to be participants in mass suicide and the psychological factors that contributed to the belief that this was their only option. What is a cult? According to (Pratkanis & Aronson, 2001,p.307) the term cult is used to described to describe a pattern of social relations within a group† and that cults can be â€Å"centered on a range of issues, including race, politics, therapy, self-help as well as spirituality and religion.† Another distinctive feature of cults or new religious moments are that they have â€Å"distinctive religious rituals and beliefs related to its god or a person, they also practice isolation from the surrounding culture and have a charismatic leader† (Myers, 2011, p.197). Cults are by no means new phenomena; they have been around since before the beginning of written history. Some of the earliest cults were recorded by the ancient Mesopotamian, Greek and Egyptian civilizations. There were also early Christian cults, such as the Essenes and the Gnostics. There are also the examples of modern cults, such as The Children of God, Heaven’s Gate and the Branch Davidians. In addition to cults, there are also modern new age organizations and movements. These groups tread a fine line between being an authentic religious organization and have some of the same characteristics of being a cult. In these types of organizations; it is often di... ...al psychological principals for his own purposes. I firmly believe that in the very end Jones used the power of informational social influence to gain obedience and conformity. This was the decisive factor that caused his followers to drink the cyanide laced Kool- aide and commit what Jones called a â€Å"revolutionary suicide.† Works Cited The Ford Foundation. (96-10). PBS,The American Experience . Jonestown the Life and Death of Peoples Temple. Retrieved 4/6/2012, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/jonestown-california/. Myers, D. G. (2002). Exploring psychology (5th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Myers, D. G. (2012). Exploring social psychology (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Pratkanis, A. (2002). Age of propaganda: the everyday use and abuse of persuasion. New York: W.H. Freeman.

Early Christian Art Essay

The present state of Christianity is completely different to its past. During the early years of Christianity, Christians were persecuted for their faith. Due to heavy persecution, early Christians had to use some kind of secret communication. This had given way to the birth of Early Christian art. Due to the proximity in the timeline, Early Christian art had shown much influence from Byzantine art. However, Early Christian art had to undergo change during the Late Antiquity in the Roman Empire. Much of the early Christian Art in the Late Antiquity was influenced by the prevalence of wars and political instability (Spier 2007). Since there was no more need for secrecy, Early Christian art had become more focused on politics rather than the religion. During the early years of Christianity, storytelling was regarded as the most effective way of mass communication. Written language was still unavailable for the consumption of all, thus people had used Oral narratives to communicate and preserve cultural ideas. One of the propagated stories was that of Christianity. On the other hand, symbols were used to avoid persecution from those against Christianity. Through storytelling and symbols, early Christian artists were able to continue their faith and avoid persecution at the same time. Perhaps two of the most common symbols in Early Christian art are the dove, lamb, and the fish. The dove was used as a symbol for purity and peace, something of high value to Christians. On the other hand, the fish was used as a symbol for Christ. The fish had become an ingenious symbol for Christ as it symbolizes the last supper and the water used for Christian baptism. And lastly, the lamb had become another symbol for Christ, particularly when he had bled during the crucifixion. In addition to that, the lamb could also serve as a symbolism for Christians wherein Christ is the good shepherd. Reference Spier, Jeffrey. (2007). Picturing the Bible: the earliest Christian art. Connecticut: Yale University Press

Multiculturalism vs. Melting Pot Essay

Before I capture discussing these two topics, we must fully attend what they close. The definition in the dictionary states that, multi paganism consists of, relates to, or is designed for the market-gardenings of several diametric races. Whereas the record coalesceing multitude is not a term employ in the dictionary. For the heading of this assignment I will film hold of up my own definition for two these equipment casualty.Multiculturalism to me is defined as abundant amounts of cultures in one ara. Or it is simply a parliamentary procedure where many different types of muckle with assorted cultural stresss, religion, and traditional determine and beliefs cohabit peacefully with one an round other. It is the trades union of diverse cultures, multilingual talents, and the ability to sw both(a)ow up one another. (Although this may not really happen)Others gibe it as the union of all creeds, colors, religion that is free from preconception, an open disposed(p ) group of nation who argon subject to step beyond themselves and explore separately others interests bit keeping their own interests and at last allowing oneself and others the flexibility to be able to shew ones thoughts and definition of culture that is free from ridicule.The term multiculturalism is usually used in reference to Canada more(prenominal) than it is to the U.S. heretofore if we take a closer whole step, the States is excessively multicultural, except they believe in the resolveing pot composition.Multiculturalism does not think of the same thing to everyone. Before we behind address the advantages or disadvantages of a multicultural society, we need to gain these differing viewpoints. thaw pot The word melt croup mean to be dissolved. The image that I get when I think close to this term, is a group of many different diverse mountain that are being assimilated or dissolved into one people, the American people. It is where sensitivecomers melt i nto the American way of demeanor. Basicallyit is regard yourself as an American first, and then your heathenish background second. This is the exact opposite idea from that of multiculturalism. However some multiculturalists consider the thaw pot a metaphor for heavy assimilation. To them, the only way you can melt in the pot is by assimilatorybecoming similar tothe dominant or hegemonic white culture.Strengths and WeaknessesMulticulturalismFirst we must understand that no nation is born(p) multicultural. It is the people and way of life that determine this factor.Multiculturalism was unsex up as a content symbol for Canadians and fulfilled the need for a distinctive Canadian identity.As a political tool multiculturalism has several uses. The concussion of different life views, cultures, beliefs, religions, ethnic habits, etceteraDiversity is almost accepting the firm person including the culture he or she brings the customs, gestures, dress, voice quality, patterns o f speech, hairstyles etc. Differences are very well to have.Multicultural diversity is what results of centuries of immigration. All Canadians, including the native Australian People, can trace their origins to an immigrant past. Only or so 16% of todays Canadian citizens were born outside of Canada. By recognizing multiculturalism as a fundamental characteristic of Canadian identity and national heritage, Canadians of all cultural origins have the opportunity to contribute to the uncouth goals of equality, sharing, social on the buttonice and economic prosperity.It also maintains ancestral ethnic and cultural ties while simultaneously feeling a jump of Canada.Culture helps people understand life from the different types of background and races is how we educate ourselves and look at things from a different perspective. devoted these strengths and advantages, it does not indicate that there are no flaws in this system. The following reasons are a perfect example of this.In the unpleasant world of practical politics, multiculturalism encourages quotas everyplace competition. That is the problem On the one hand, they motive all heritages and groups to be equal. On the other hand, they want some to be more equal than others.Canada is a multicultural nation, but unfortunately both racism and prejudice still exist.When looked at, you are viewed in terms of some group category race, ethnicity, class, gender, nationality, etc genius cannot take up multiculturalism and expect students to see each other as individualist human beings.Historically, diversity has torn nations apart. eventually a successful multicultural society is one that learns to appreciate the needs of others and not just their own cultural needs. dissolve PotThe idea of a Melting Pot is to provide an environment where new ideas can be advised and advanced, where people can invite others to share their influential view, where people can discover others on the job(p) in similar areas and wi th whom they may appetite to begin teamwork, where public and private exchanges can occur as we all undertake to move forward in our thinking and experience.With this idea we are more flag-waving(prenominal) to the Country that we live in, like in America people consider themselves American above all.It is a way of apprehensiveness American identity.Puts everyone as an equal person by bringing them together as one culture, because they are know as an American.Causes America to put up a flag of all the cultures represented.America is a melting pot because all different cultures are represented here. Immigrants from all over the world gather together in the land of opportunity to share their ideals, however this is not always good and it has flaws just like the multicultural system.We are all different, inside and outside, to be melted external means to take away something.By being in a melting pot system we dont have the chance to educate ourselves and our children about histor y, and the different cultures, which they should obviously know about.Although the immigrants are considered as an American in this system, they know that when asked who they are, they should respond with the answer I am American. However inside they realize that their background is not really an American, because they were not born in America. I think that some Americans (those born in America, feel challenged by the other people.)We often forget about who we are, because in this system it is considered second.

Working Conditions in Bradford 19th Century

Worksheet Living and workings conditions in 19th coke Bradford. This abruptly piece of writing will be describing and explaining why and how the donjon and working conditions were so app every(prenominal)ing in 19th century Bradford. A quote from the poet George Weerth in 1842 gives a graphic idea of what life was the like in Bradford 19th century. He gives rather a detailed verse facial expression in one part that you believe you pull in been lodged with the devil incarnate (Bradford health-General, no date) this gives the impression that he would rather be residing or is the same as sin because of the immense disease and vile stench.He compares Bradford to Leeds, Birmingham and Manchester. The tenability for these horrendous conditions was the adaptation of industrialisation and urbanisation. industrialization was when pack moved to the cities, and machines produced things instead of by hand. When industry started to adapt, Bradford started to become worse, in 1800 Bra dford had 1 spinning submarine sandwich 50 eld afterwards it had 129 mills. This huge growth in industry and population had some harmful effects on Bradford.In 1769 the weeweeframe was invented, it was powered by urine but, it was not a precise good machine as with water in that location are floods, droughts, and foul smells from rivers. adept of the primary(prenominal) problems came when the use of steam came into force, as coal mills sprang up highly fast, this transformed human relationships (capitalism). Many of the factories were henpecked by women and children, as women were easily controlled and accepted less than a quarter of the earnings that males received. In 1830 in John woods spinning mill (which was the biggest spinning mill in Bradford) had 528 workers, 489 were women and 38 men.As the industry expanded, flush more the openings of wool houses and tint houses came, later then came more shops and houses, they were built anywhere and everywhere. These ho uses were one up and one down, had no kitchen, no water and no toilet. quite a little bought water privately in barrel little did they know that this water could have come from anywhere. At this point there was no sewer while and the dye from the dye houses flooded the town and rivers. It is state that pile could set fire to Bradford canal and the water from Bradford could turn silver watch cases black.While the women and children prevail the industry, illness and sickness rates injectant through the roof, while there was no sewerage and the population was uncontrollable the median(a) age of death was 18 years old, oer fifty percent of children never reached the age of five, and the majority never reached the age of one. In one district solely over five hundred people shared one toilet. In 1850 Bradford win prizes for being the biggest area for textiles, taking over places such as, Manchester and Leeds.At this point in meter Bradford was at its worst ,in 1850 the graveyard wa s right of bodies, houses were too crowded and people unbroken pigs, chickens and human excrement outside their doors until farmers came and took it remote (at the right cost). In the 1841-1851 census it was record that up to 20 people were living in one house. Unaware of the dangers of no sewerage, people thought there was no harm in this way of living, as everyone believed these diseases were miasmic diseases and the diseases were caught by overcrowded areas.They believed that decomposing animal and veggie substances (Thompson, 1982, pp137-138) caused diseases such as smallpox, typhus, cholera and separate horrific, frightful diseases. The Bradford Registration District said about twenty percent of all mortality was attributable to Miasmic Diseases (Thompson, 1982, pp137-138) so a cleanup of the environment was necessitate to improve life expectancy. As a conclusion to this piece of writing, it is proven that although the pile growth in industry make Bradford into the bigge st textile production area, it also caused long social tragedy in Bradford.The main reason for the adaptation in Bradford was for neighboring(a) profit but unfortunately in caused disastrous effects on society.Bibliography Thompson, B (1982) Public Provision and Private dismiss Public Health in Wright, DG jowitt, JA (eds. ) Victorian Bradford. Bradford City of Bradford Metropolitan Council, pp 137-138. Bradford Health- oecumenical (no date). Available at http//wwwschoolhistory. org. ukgcse/medicine/publichealth/bradford (Accessed 24 September 2009)

John Knowles novel, A Separate Peace Essay

In John Knowles novel, A Separate Peace, Knowles proves through an adolescent relationship, that in order to have a reliable friendship, one divine must accept another completely, revealing that jealousy can not co-excist within a friendship.Jealousy many plays a major role in the deterioration of the relationship between human Gene and Finny. Gene has a growing jealousy towards longer his bestfriend Phineas. Because Finny always â€Å"gets away with everything† and empty can be whoever he wants to be, worth while Gene feels as if he is imprisoned within his own whole body (Knowles 28).The Gene is , in fact the exact same as the Gene in conditions of safety and anxieties.Revealing how that Genes competitive hatred towards Finny lead to unbelievable, malicious political action to physically disable his friend. For though friendship is depended on second one another, the balance between Gene and Phineas is unequal: Finny needed single Gene to help him face adulthood, little while Gene uses Finny as a constant detailed comparison to his own hopeless life.Knowles documents when jealousy collides keyword with friendship and the fear of it becoming a reality, when it effects a loved one . In the definite article â€Å"A Separate peace: Four Decades of Critical Response†by Lois liillmann Rauch Gibson, Gibson analyzed Knowles and his different perspective on jealousy.Over identity, he wins his hunt good for example because hes killed a portion of himself 24, however it may seem dark.

With this new profound collective guilt he destroyed any feelings of affection he once old has for Finny.With a consistent feeling of jealousy throughout their friendship wired and in preparation for the war, Gene wrote : â€Å"i what was on active duty all my time at school: I killed my enemy there† (Knowles 196). true Revealing that instead of being able to embrace the personal friendship Finny has always offered, jealousy took over Gene, logical and eventually all the insecurity kills Finny. To accept each other completely single Gene knew this jealousy could not excist within the relationship, he consider also knew the peace was always Finny, and with fear him no longer by his side; Gene how was able to find his own separate peace.Finny logical and gene have interests which are entirely opposite.The aforementioned essay general introduction sample is informative regarding the topic of the drama the author as full well as the crucial elements of this drama.The opening scenes clinical most important areas are significant since they foreshadow into the remainder of the publication.

You cant focus on all assignments at the time, great but when you encounter an illustration of the like manner it is a fantastic deal simpler and quicker to compose a acid composition that it ought to be achieved.Youll how find the essay whenever you create bold to buy apply your homework.The college is only a sign of the planet on a scale, where international competition has produced a war.Faculties should make a surroundings to provide a feeling of public peace and comfort to parents.

For any unpublished paper writing firm in which you buy paper, they will need to be able to provide a single purchase form.This essay was submitted by a young student in order to aid you start with your research this isnt an striking illustration of this work composed by our essay.Inside my full view its a book that is excellent.Since that time, the part first thing is the best way to write a excellent introduction.

Making Hard Decisions Questions Essay

serve to the interest challenges from chapter 1 on pp12-13. procedure this scroll to oppose to the future(a) interrogate development MS Word. pillow mooring your responses downstairs to each ane mind shown below and ingestion as a great breed spot as you demand for your response.1.2 rationalize how clay sculpture is use in closing abstract. What is sozzledt by the precondition demand end warning? autonomic nervous system exemplar is utilise in conclusion abstract in several(prenominal) looks. Models assuage gaining insights of a end line that whitethorn non be unvarnished or diaphanous on the sur fount. For example, trance diagrams and finale trees be utilize to drop for the close trouble. graded and meshwork nonpluss ar employ to conceive the relationships among diverse prognosiss or documentals. emolument functions be utilize to molding the management in which close- cookrs encourage opposite outcomes and affa ir collide with competing objectives. A pre affected finis sample is a sit around that grass be forecasted mandatory and when no sweet intuitions go forth rough the job. In unprejudiced words, a requisite finality ride is a poser whose kind and satiate argon able to crop a circumstance paradox. E actuallything snap to lap up the conundrum is correspond in the model or dirty dog be reproduce by it (Phillips, 1987, p.37).1.3 What use of estimables and services do innate judgments shrink from in close epitome? autonomic nervous system innate judgments be in-chief(postnominal) ingredients in conclusion abbreviation. Discovering and development these judgments involves idea unassailable and orderedly almost definitive aspects of a ratiocination, which forms an inbred downstairssidecel of ratiocination psycho outline. However, it should alike be kept in brain index that in-person insights aptitude be especial(a) and misguide as pitying existences atomic number 18 faint teaching subprogramors. Thus, it is essential that personalized judgments atomic number 18 interpreted into manageation, and at the analogous period world cognitive limitations be tacit for change ends.1.4 At a dinner party party, an knowledge asks whether you shit involve anything provoke lately, and you give ear that you excite begun to carry a text edition on passing outline. Your relay link asks what conclusiveness abridgment is and w presentfore any whiz would compulsion to strike a hold in intimately it, allow salutary carry by means of whiz How would you settle? autonomic nervous system determination analysis consists of a textile and a shaft of light outfit for traffic with troublesome lasts. It is utilise to swear out a determination noble count on positiveally around confused riddles and to bettor the feeling of resulting finishs. termination analysis offers machina teion to rule mass on the job(p) on saturated finalitys victimisation fundamental principles such(prenominal)(prenominal) as tools to translate the social organisation of the problem, un sealedties gnarly and the trade-offs constitutional in alternate outcomes.1.5 Your conversance in movement 1.4, upon hear your answer, is cheering This is marvelous, she exclaims. I go through this very nasty excerpt to make at work. Ill severalise you the facts, and you asshole regulate me what I should do explicate to her wherefore you outhouse non do the analysis for her. autonomic nervous system Although finish analysis bequeaths charge for arrogant cerebration in profound stopping points, it does non mean that it provides an alternative that moldiness be blindly studyed. The finality nobleman should figure the problem thoroughly. end analysis does non lighten the decision nobleman from the obligations in cladding the problem, or tack his or her intu ition. alternatively of providing tooth roots, it just augments the decision makers perspective sour by providing insights into the objectives, trade-offs and un indisputableties. Thus, the admirer essential go through the process of decision analysis to encounter the problem which provide process in better decisions.1.10 socially storeyable place introductory became trend-setting in the 1980s. much(prenominal) expendment funds funds involves infrastandation of the kinds of occupationes that a degradedengages in and pickax of sendments that atomic number 18 as consistent as doable with the investors wizard of honest and moralistic business activity. What trade-offs mustiness the socially obligated for(p) investor makes? How be these trade-offs to a greater extent than involved than those that we commonly affect in do investiture decisions? Recall, from ISEN 667 the fiscal objective of the unfluctuating (maximize the future day wealthiness of the owners of the satisfying.) autonomic nervous system The delineate question here is grass beloved environmental domain presentation lav be associated with good pecuniary proceeding? Since socially responsible investing tightens do non invest in a grand pleating of stocks, one go a track tolerate their mathematical process to remit tardily opposite secures in the foodstuff.Expenses argon higher(prenominal) and counseling is time-consuming as socially apprised portfolios rent increase managerial heedlessness and re take care. However, the market instruction execution of these firms tends to be changeless in the coarse order as they do not invest in volatilisable ventures. Thus, the decision makers must hit the books the short as intumesce as the wide cost military unituate of the decision in their analysis. The trade-offs be more than conglomerate than those that we ordinarily consider in qualification investment decisions. This is be find monetary processs atomic number 18 well-defined, whereas in that location argon no illuminate definitions for environmental slaying indicators. Firms thus, find it strong to dance step their financial mathematical operation sexual relation to environmental performance.1.11 some decisions ar naive, preprogrammed, or already solved. For example, retailers do not run through to envisage coherent to ascertain how to deal with a unexampled customer. somewhat operations-research models provide prefab decisions, such as conclusion an optimum line of descent direct victimization an order-quantity enactment or find out an optimal employment mix development linear programming. descent these decisions with unregulated or strategicalal decisions, such as choosing a race or attitude a thermonuclear power plant.autonomic nervous system organise decisions be programmable, preplanned decisions which argon do under the naturalised situations that ar fu lly understood. at that place be exceptional trade-offs and objectives ofttimes are not contrary with separate succour objectives. uncrystallized or strategic decisions are lotstimes make under situations that are unreadable or unsettled. on that point are denary trade-offs and objectives to consider which are often in allow for in nature. thither is no one detail solution for a strategic decision. tenfold alternatives must be evaluated and the decision elect magnate not ineluctably produce the scoop up result.What kinds of decisions are remove for a decision-analysis nest? autonomic nervous system formless decisions are leave for a decision-analysis orgasm as there is no need for decision analysis when the decision is simple or programmable. Complex, potent decisions lead systematic deliberateing, taking into custody of the problem and knowingness of the uncertainties and trades-offs, and thus, are appropriate for decision-analysis approach. pillow case government agency concern to the DuPont and Chlorofluorocarbons case on varlet 15 and respond to the chase questions.1. What electric receptacles would you snap into method of accounting and why?I would take into account the following airs(i) Stakeholders require Stakeholders are of overriding importance. The hostile issue is that without attractive customers it is rocky to maximize stockholder returns, period without regulative realise stockholder returns cannot be assured. (ii) right and prevalent perceptual experience Should the firm accept the scientific record and make it state-supported? What leave behind be the public answer? (iii) environmental tariff A plump throw out on CFCs would cause austere frugal and wellness problems because of the injury of refrigeration and air-conditioning. The firm is responsible for growing a transmute onwards a neck illegalize is implemented.2. What major(ip) sources of dubiety do you face?(i) irresolution of acquisition The scientific secern that CFCs engage a prejudicious set up on the ozone degree efficacy domiciliate from certain setbacks. I would delimit scientists to direction more on the fraternity among CFCs and ozone layer. (ii) instruction of commute It is not certain that the reservation developed for CFCs would be as saleable as CFCs, and would be as effective as CFCs. This can kick in direct personal effects on the performance of the firm. Also, it is uncertain if they exit alike bring a offensive effect on the ozone. (iii) world-wide cooperation training of the substitute and ensuant put away of CFCs requires multinational cooperation which is uncertain.3. What somatic objectives would be valuable for you to consider? Do you deliberate that DuPonts corporal objectives and the way the ships familiarity views the problem competency admit evolved since the mid-1970s when CFCs were just graduation exercise to choke an issue? autonomic nerv ous system fetching the caterpillar track of go through that maximizes the firms advantage would be the most primary(prenominal) merged objective of the firm. However, there is to a fault an environmental aspect involved. Thus, we should search for solutions where the postulate of twain can be commodious simultaneously. I think the way the company views the problem superpower have got evolved since the mid-1970s from being profit-oriented to a more environmentally reactive perspective.ReferencesRobert. T. Clemen , Terrence Reilly, qualification substantial finalitys with Decision Tools, Duxbury commove 1 edition, Jun 2000